tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post4461281387212335487..comments2024-03-29T08:14:42.258+01:00Comments on Epiphany: Low Bone Density in Autism and Brain Calcification (Bone-Vascular Axis + Altered Calcium Homeostasis), – a role for Vitamin K2, or something more potent?Peter Lloyd-Thomashttp://www.blogger.com/profile/10173383229834614994noreply@blogger.comBlogger61125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-42036642702189785292018-10-20T15:13:41.826+02:002018-10-20T15:13:41.826+02:00@Ling and Peter too:
Regarding PDE4 inhibition (w...@Ling and Peter too:<br /><br />Regarding PDE4 inhibition (which also induces darpp-32 phosphorylation and as you might know rolipram is also a TLR4 antagonist)<br /><br />I had a talk with my psychiater yesterday and talked to him about that I wanted to try donepezil and he brought up something that confirmed my own research again, he said that a few of his clients who he recently prescribed Abilify (aripiprazole = atypical antipsychotic, that can lower or increase prolactin depending on the person! pretty unique).<br />He said it is especially effective in those with high functioning autism/aspergers, after doing my research im 99.99% sure he is correct:<br /><br />Aripiprazole Facilitates Extinction of Conditioned Fear in Adolescent Rats<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5422437/<br /><br />Unique Effects of Acute Aripiprazole Treatment on the Dopamine D2 Receptor Downstream cAMP-PKA and Akt-GSK3β Signalling Pathways in Rats<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4498891/<br /><br />Aripiprazole relieves motivational anhedonia in rats.<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/29100151<br /><br />------>>>><br />"RESULTS:<br />Long-term aripiprazole administration restored DARPP-32 phosphorylation changes in response to sucrose and reinstated the motivational drive to acquire the reward in the progressive ratio task. However, it did not restore reactivity to aversive stimuli." <<<<-------<br /><br />Word of caution regarding abilify (after from what ive researched myself) is that it can give side effects similar to those seen with some d3 agonists such as compulsive gambling.<br /><br />TL:DR: Drugs of abuse and some herbs leave a DARPP-32 'fingerprint' in emotional areas in the brain, this fingerprint seems absent by default in those with ASD/anhedonia/social motivational problems and DARPP-32 induction restores this.Aspie1983https://www.blogger.com/profile/14186355234793738967noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-4192832251300110802018-10-20T15:11:36.856+02:002018-10-20T15:11:36.856+02:00Hi Ling,
Yes I know people in the past have thoug...Hi Ling,<br /><br />Yes I know people in the past have thought im crazy about my alcohol hangovers and sleep deprivation making me normal, but its absolutely true, it seems also to be related to DARPP-32. This is something that TLR4 antagonists also do (they increase darpp-32), such as reuteri atcc 6475.<br /><br />Histamine Derived from Probiotic Lactobacillus reuteri Suppresses TNF via Modulation of PKA and ERK Signaling<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3285189/<br /><br />"L. reuteri 6475 inhibits production of TNF, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, from monocyte-derived macrophages isolated from children with Crohn's disease as well as TLR2- and TLR4-activated human and murine monocytoid cell lines [8], [18]."<br /><br />Toll-like receptor-4 regulates anxiety-like behavior and DARPP-32 phosphorylation<br />https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0889159117305238<br /><br />"The immune receptor TLR4 regulates anxiety and affects social behavior."<br /><br />"Interestingly, the mRNA expression of dopamine- and cAMP-regulated phosphoprotein-32 (DARPP-32) was strongly upregulated in emotion-related regions of the brain in TLR4 KO mice. In addition, the phosphorylation levels at Thr75 and Ser97 in DARPP-32 were increased in the frontal cortex of TLR4 KO male mice. These findings indicate that TLR4 signaling is involved in emotional regulation through modulation of DARPP-32, which is a signaling hub that plays a critical role in the integration of numerous neurotransmitter systems, including dopamine and glutamate."<br /><br />DRD2 and PPP1R1B (DARPP-32) polymorphisms independently confer increased risk for autism spectrum disorders and additively predict affected status in male-only affected sib-pair families<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3479424/<br /><br />"There was a significantly increased frequency of the DRD2 rs1800498TT genotype (P = 0.007) in affected males compared to the comparison group, apparently due to over-transmission of the T allele (P = 0.0003). The frequency of the PPP1R1B rs1495099CC genotype in affected males was also higher than that in the comparison group (P = 0.002) due to preferential transmission of the C allele from parents to affected children (P = 0.0009). Alleles rs1800498T and rs1495099C were associated with more severe problems in social interaction (P = 0.0002 and P = 0.0016, respectively) and communication (P = 0.0004 and P = 0.0046), and increased stereotypic behaviours (P = 0.0021 and P = 0.00072). General discriminant analysis found that the DRD2 and PPP1R1B genes additively predicted ASDs (P = 0.00011; Canonical R = 0.26) and explain ~7% of the variance in our families. All findings remained significant following corrections for multiple testing."<br /><br />DARPP-32 and regulation of the ethanol sensitivity of NMDA receptors in the nucleus accumbens.<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12068305<br /><br />This is why alcohol temporarily fixes me, it induces darpp-32 expression, thereby temporary making me normal.<br /><br />DARPP-32: an integrator of neurotransmission.<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14744247<br /><br />Ginkgo has a strong effect on emotion pathways, it affects multiple areas, such as the insula, amygdala, putamen/caudate<br /><br />Regional distribution of Ginkgo biloba-induced c-Fos immunoreactivity.<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18757190<br /><br />Long-term treatment with standardized extract of Ginkgo biloba L. enhances the conditioned suppression of licking in rats by the modulation of neuronal and glial cell function in the dorsal hippocampus and central amygdala.<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23321541<br /><br />Effect of Ginkgo Biloba Extract on Lipopolysaccharide‐induced Anhedonic Depressive‐like Behavior in Male Rats<br />https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/ptr.5247<br /><br />Extract of Ginkgo biloba EGb761 facilitates extinction of conditioned fear measured by fear-potentiated startle.<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16554745Aspie1983https://www.blogger.com/profile/14186355234793738967noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-73034546829675794262018-10-19T22:33:48.534+02:002018-10-19T22:33:48.534+02:00Aspie, if you ever try bumetanide/furosemide I wou...Aspie, if you ever try bumetanide/furosemide I would be very interested in that experience vs your experience with Ginkgo. <br /><br />Also, I know you recommended piracetam, but at least in this comparison on long-term (20 years) effects Ginkgo seem to be the winner:<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3543404/<br /><br />Thanks for insights on sigma receptors too, I wonder if they can be used to increase VGCC activity.<br /><br />/LingAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-51352755652031226882018-10-19T18:01:03.280+02:002018-10-19T18:01:03.280+02:00Anonymous replying after two years. I have been ta...Anonymous replying after two years. I have been taking just plain old regular L-Carnitine. I had been taking two 500 mg tablets four times a day, the same dosage cited in the Chinese study but I cut back to three times a day because of stomach upset taking it on an empty stomach at bedtime. I am still thrilled with the results, I clearly am breaking fewer bones (I have seizures and fall a lot). I have not had any avulsion fractures since I started taking L-Carnitine.Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-72142583538980695592018-10-18T12:55:34.489+02:002018-10-18T12:55:34.489+02:00Well autism does affect a lot of things, think abo...Well autism does affect a lot of things, think about the cancer, diabetes and circadian connection, even look at your own polypill, it incorporates diuretics, heart medicines and statins, so it does make sense.Aspie1983https://www.blogger.com/profile/14186355234793738967noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-81747186497196259612018-10-18T11:00:34.313+02:002018-10-18T11:00:34.313+02:00Aspie1983, sigma-1 receptors seem to have numerous...Aspie1983, sigma-1 receptors seem to have numerous effects and not just on L-type calcium channels. They affect some potassium channels and also the IPR3 calcium channel. They do not seem to be fully understood yet.<br /><br />So if someone had a problem with sigma-1 receptors it would affect many different things. Peter Lloyd-Thomashttps://www.blogger.com/profile/10173383229834614994noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-87260183399918621382018-10-17T22:02:26.652+02:002018-10-17T22:02:26.652+02:00How come you still have not discussed sigma recept...How come you still have not discussed sigma receptors yet Peter, these literally regulate calcium signalling, this would also explain how mitochondrial dysfunction would affect brain function. Not to mention a fair bit of drugs for autism/asd have sigma 1 receptor activity (often in conjunction with muscaranic m1 activation which increases the PLC->IP3/DAG signalling pathway). Donepezil and Memantine both hit sigma 1 receptors as agonists.<br /><br />Sigma-1 receptor regulation of voltage-gated calcium channels involves a DIRECT interaction.<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18641291<br /><br />"CONCLUSIONS:<br />These results suggest that sigma-1 receptor activation can regulate calcium homeostasis and signaling in RGCs, likely by directly influencing the activity of L-type voltage-gated calcium channels. Regulation of calcium influx in RGCs by sigma-1 receptor ligands may represent in part the neuroprotective effect of sigma-1 receptors."<br /><br />Verapamils action obviously is to block it, thereby reducing calcium signalling. It seems that sigma 1 receptor activation (neurosteroids are PAM's and NAM's). Sigma 1 modulation offers a more 'natural' response I reckon instead of simply fully blocking a channel and rather regulating it.<br /><br />This friday im talking with my psych about donepezil and ill most likely get it. Anyhow I wont be starting it soon yet as Im having GREAT success for my social issues with especially ginkgo but also PQQ, it seems this was the missing link when I was checking in on cordyceps and such, im 100% sure I have low CREB/cAMP. Everything that boosts CREB, especially ginkgo and PQQ restores my natural stress response (I actually flinch now when a stressor happens!!! instead of the dulled apathetic response I had before). CREB controls fear acquisition/consolidation, circadian rhythm (including PER2/BMAL1/NPAS2. My emotionality has also gone up LOADS and my reward system is coming back online. Compounds that enhance both fear acquisition/consoliation aswell as fear extinction are the best it seems for me (7,8 dihydroxyflavone also does this and also activates PLC and TrkB receptors in the amygdala but its bioavailability is an issue). If anyone with low empathetic tone reads this, please try it (assuming you also have low response to stressors/dulled response), THIS IS A FEAR ACQUISITION/EXTINCTION RELATED PROBLEM and it will fix the atypical amygdala and emotional response.<br /><br />This also explains the whole cycle how alcohol withdrawal (alters PER2 expression and increases adenosine) and sleep deprivation (increases PER2 expression and increases adenosine at the cost of choline in the forebrain though, which is why its also antidepressant, low choline = forebrain = say byebye to cognitive function, and when you got low cognitive function your brain literally CANT WORRY AND RUMINATE about things).<br /><br />Vitamin D3 which I also have a dramatic response too also enhances circadian rhythm expressions and CREB.<br /><br />Also another confirmation of my citrus fruits cravings, especially lemons and oranges/orange juice (also for the vitamin c and citrate content) but it might be mainly down to a flavonoid called Nobiletin!:<br /><br />The Small Molecule Nobiletin Targets the Molecular Oscillator to Enhance Circadian Rhythms and Protect against Metabolic Syndrome<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27076076<br /><br />Potent Effects of Flavonoid Nobiletin on Amplitude, Period, and Phase of the Circadian Clock Rhythm in PER2::LUCIFERASE Mouse Embryonic Fibroblasts.<br />https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28152057<br /><br />In fact im feeling so good on this combination of PQQ, ginkgo and phosphatidylserine that Im not sure if theres much to gain from donepezil, but the fact that its a sigma 1 agonist and has activity at the m1 muscaranic site makes me think this will affect me big time in a positive way, alpha gpc also strongly affected me but that gave me crazy acne.Aspie1983https://www.blogger.com/profile/14186355234793738967noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-46222365488763786792018-04-10T09:57:16.741+02:002018-04-10T09:57:16.741+02:00Amani, be careful with your loved one. Many of the...Amani, be careful with your loved one. Many of the substances discussed here can be powerful in the wrong or right direction, so it is always good to know the details before giving something to your child. <br />When I look for a new intervention I start with the theory: What do I want to treat? It could be irritability and OCD for example. Then I try to understand the functions in the body that seem related. For irritability it could be oxidative stress (as per Peters advice), perhaps caused by dysfunctional NMDA receptors (as in my case) or the mGLu receptors. Then I look for a substance that is supposed to have an effect for this. It could be an antioxidant, or something that treats overfunctioning (hyper) NMDArs like memantine or underfunctioning (hypo) NMDArs like D-serine.<br />When I’ve found something interesting to test, I check Pubmed if there has been any trials with the substance, and especially if there has been trials with children and at what doses and the length of the trials to get a clue on the “safety boundaries”. I also check what (other) effects the substance is supposed to have, personal reviews on the Internet, dosing recommendations, interactions with other substances and – important – side effects or dangers. If in doubt, I try it on myself first.<br />I have not yet found a way to know if NMDA receptors are hypo or hyper in a person except for testing, but it might not be that easy either. If you have one type of NMDA receptor that is dysfunctional so that signals are not going through it, the other ones might get overloaded instead because the body tries to signal even more. Using a NMDAr antagonist like memantine will inhibit signalling through all types of receptors, giving both a good and bad effect. What you’d like to do instead is to enhance signalling through the dysfunctional receptor, so that the body stops oversignalling. Eventually you would also have a good effect by enhancing the major inhibitory (GABA) system with say Bumetanide or something less powerful.<br />I don’t know if this is the case in your daughter, but it is my best guess. <br />Substances to check up could be: NAC, D-serine, Bacopa, cinnamon, magnesium threonate. Maybe iHerb delivers to Egypt? They have a wide range of supplements.<br /><br />/LingAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-20552303515224937642018-04-10T01:12:55.616+02:002018-04-10T01:12:55.616+02:00My daughter's doctor prescribed meantine 10 mg...My daughter's doctor prescribed meantine 10 mg daily along with citicholin 5 mg inj once weekly , ginko 40 mg , zinc 30 mg , bioten 5mg , but it made her dumb, she was real good at learning English, Arabic , before these medicines , i had to give memanite without the citicholin because i noticed citicholin was making her nervouse and hyper so few days memantine alone was good it made her give real nice eye contact , quite friendly and socialbe but then the hand writing and regression at school appeared , so i stopped memantine and kept the citicholin alone 5 mg daily syrup , it made her slightly better at school but still not as she used to , so i stopped citicholin too , now she is taking only biotin 5 mg and vit e 400 mg and efalex syrup , she is better at shool but still facing problem with math and attention, talks to her self most of the time , and enjoy pissing us off from time to time , still alittle rigid and persistent about most of her daily activities, that is in brief her medicines before i reach your precious blog , am still learning alot from it but i need your insight about what we are going through and tons of thanks alwaysAnonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02726739304165595708noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-84178956056158280342018-04-09T23:46:35.209+02:002018-04-09T23:46:35.209+02:00Memantine has more than one mode of action. It is ...Memantine has more than one mode of action. It is thought of as an NMDAR blocker, but is does lots of other things as well.<br /><br />https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Memantine<br /><br />One reader of this blog found it very helpful, but it turned out that it was the only drug that solved the child's GI problems, which is not why most people are taking it.<br /><br />Many drugs gave good and bad effects.Peter Lloyd-Thomashttps://www.blogger.com/profile/10173383229834614994noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-74421816409673939332018-04-09T23:40:39.609+02:002018-04-09T23:40:39.609+02:00I would do a blood test for vitamin D.I would do a blood test for vitamin D.Peter Lloyd-Thomashttps://www.blogger.com/profile/10173383229834614994noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-30268537500833576042018-04-09T23:39:28.664+02:002018-04-09T23:39:28.664+02:00It is best to increase dietary potassium (banana, ...It is best to increase dietary potassium (banana, kiwi etc). When I used 1 mg, I gave 1 banana and 250mg of potassium as a supplement. Some people lose more potassium than others and so it is best to do a blood test and maintain potassium in the high end of normal.Peter Lloyd-Thomashttps://www.blogger.com/profile/10173383229834614994noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-73988501491483007332018-04-09T16:19:04.719+02:002018-04-09T16:19:04.719+02:00I intend to give 1mg of it daily sholud I accompan...I intend to give 1mg of it daily sholud I accompany this with kcl (the only form of potassium i can get in Egypt) at which dose pleaseAnonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02726739304165595708noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-85109896131985787562018-04-09T15:30:51.866+02:002018-04-09T15:30:51.866+02:00I need your prespective about why memantine 10 gav...I need your prespective about why memantine 10 gave positive results socially but the opposite acadaemicaly , thank youAnonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02726739304165595708noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-32879896139163041942018-04-09T15:22:31.454+02:002018-04-09T15:22:31.454+02:00Do you suggest giving vit d and at what dose , ple...Do you suggest giving vit d and at what dose , please?Anonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02726739304165595708noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-67415755487472706492018-04-09T14:58:18.125+02:002018-04-09T14:58:18.125+02:00Amani, you will need to try bumetanide for 2+ week...Amani, you will need to try bumetanide for 2+ weeks, because it takes a long time to lower chloride levels. Almost half of people with autism/Asperger's seem to be responders.<br /><br />For some reason in Egypt vitamin D deficiency is common in children with autism.Peter Lloyd-Thomashttps://www.blogger.com/profile/10173383229834614994noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-27636671396200761622018-04-09T14:14:40.163+02:002018-04-09T14:14:40.163+02:00Thank you , for your reply, am wondering if any on...Thank you , for your reply, am wondering if any one has tried memantine , and got the same result as mine , i gave it to my nine years old daughter, she is having troubles with math , and socially seems delayed than her beers , and her behaviour seems alittle agrressive and rigid about certain things during her day activities , has not been diagnosed autistic , but as a mother i feel she is , upon giving her memantine 10 , she seemed different , socially ,in a beautiful way , no agression , interacting normally , for the first days then on the academic level she got greatly regressed ! Even in the fields she was good at, her hand writting got worse , in short she seemed dumper ! I stopped it and gradually she retuned to her old self , but academically she is not as good as she used to , currently ,we have done OAT test and the result will be in two weeks , i will try bumetanide today , do you think it meight help in our case Anonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02726739304165595708noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-37078269518817149122018-04-09T09:16:49.828+02:002018-04-09T09:16:49.828+02:00Vitamin K1 affects blood clotting, so I would not ...Vitamin K1 affects blood clotting, so I would not use it for autism. <br /><br />/LingAnonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-24835913324759746532018-04-08T19:27:39.062+02:002018-04-08T19:27:39.062+02:00 Will 10 mg vit k1 be good for autism? , unfortuan... Will 10 mg vit k1 be good for autism? , unfortuantelly i could not find vit k2 in my country , thank youAnonymoushttps://www.blogger.com/profile/02726739304165595708noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-60408223033305323782016-10-31T15:12:48.138+01:002016-10-31T15:12:48.138+01:00Thank you Peter.Thank you Peter.Tootiehttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03249516637029480332noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-70147638777396147422016-10-25T21:08:56.892+02:002016-10-25T21:08:56.892+02:00The vitamin K2 you are referencing from Japan is M...The vitamin K2 you are referencing from Japan is MK-4 (menaquinone-4), a short chain form of vitamin K2 that has a very short life. They use MK-4 in three doses/day and this is not a lot since it has this short life.<br />Vitamin K1 has about the same short life in the body and from food like leafy greens, it is absorbed in fairly small amounts - like in single digit to maybe 10-15%. So citing high K1 is nice but does not represent the amount truly absorbed by us.<br />Vitamin K2 of long chain forms (MK-7 - MK-10ish) lasts a lot longer in the body and is almost all absorbed.<br />So MK-4: short life, must multiple dose in higher amounts<br />MK-7: long life, so 90 mcg is NOT a low dose, but more can truly be more, with no known ill effects except those on warfarin (not a good drug - makes soft tissue calcify)<br />K1: short lived and not particularly available in food, but supplements are better absorbed<br />If you take a K supplement, take it with a fat.<br />There is incredible potential for a everyone with a better vitamin K status. Including more than just autism, brain health. Like heart health, diabetes risk, bone health, nervous system functioning.<br />If you supplement, take the MK-7.<br />If you want to get more long chain K2 in diet:<br />eat liver, organ meats, offal, fermented foods<br />Translation: yogurt, cheese, kefir, sauerkraut, natto, bivalves, liver, olives, etc.<br />Anonymousnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-53455738962951628432016-10-21T20:54:45.777+02:002016-10-21T20:54:45.777+02:00I included that very brief paper because it is ver...I included that very brief paper because it is very recent, but I agree that it actually says very little. They say that everyone has calcification, but the key issue is surely how much. I think we would only expect a minority of people with autism to possibly be affected and this was a study of just 13 people with autism. So the study was a nice idea but the result does not tell us anything conclusive. We do know that calcification is a feature of disease, we know it would affect functioning and we know some people with autism have dysfunctions with bone density and indeed vitamin D metabolism. So we know strange things are going on with calcium in the bodies of some people with autism.Peter Lloyd-Thomashttps://www.blogger.com/profile/10173383229834614994noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-31995045732379445502016-10-21T20:24:40.443+02:002016-10-21T20:24:40.443+02:00Peter, I am looking at your blog post more careful...Peter, I am looking at your blog post more carefully today and I realized that you cited this study: "Dystrophy with Calcification within Brains of Autistic and Control Subjects" found here : https://imfar.confex.com/imfar/2010/webprogram/Paper7295.html Am I reading this study incorrectly - or - are they saying that both the subjects with autism AND the controls had brain calcification? Just wondering. If they are saying that both groups showed the exact same levels of calcification, that seems a bit less meaningful for autism research. I could be misinterpreting though. Thanks.Tootiehttps://www.blogger.com/profile/03249516637029480332noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-71228880385204420682016-08-25T05:12:32.297+02:002016-08-25T05:12:32.297+02:00Anonymous--- I would be very interested in what ty...Anonymous--- I would be very interested in what type of L-Carnitine you took. I am taking L-Carnitine Fumarate and have not done well with acetyl-l-carnitine.<br />Thanks.Silverseashttps://www.blogger.com/profile/17143305429687501870noreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-655962722302095847.post-34357309999438206782016-06-16T14:38:33.169+02:002016-06-16T14:38:33.169+02:00K2 is used in extremely high doses in Japan for os...K2 is used in extremely high doses in Japan for osteoporosis. It does not seem to have problems unless given together with Warfarin an oral anticoagulant drug. Warfarin has many interactions. <br /><br />If someone has a dysfunction in calcium metabolism, K2 would seem a sensible thing to try. I am currently giving it a trial and there have been no side effects at all.<br /><br />Hypocalcemia is the primary cause of tetany and there are various causes including:-<br /><br />(1) The usual cause of tetany is lack of calcium. An excess of phosphate (high phosphate-to-calcium ratio) can also trigger the spasms<br /><br />(2) Underfunction of the parathyroid gland can lead to tetany.<br /><br />(3) Low levels of carbon dioxide cause tetany by altering the albumin binding of calcium such that the ionized (physiologically influencing) fraction of calcium is reduced; one common reason for low carbon dioxide levels is hyperventilation<br /><br />(4) Low levels of magnesium can lead to tetany.<br /><br />(5) Clostridium tetani toxin, via inhibition of glycine-mediated and GABA-ergic neurotransmission, may lead to tetany.<br /><br />(6)An excess of potassium in grass hay or pasture can trigger winter tetany, or grass tetany, in ruminants.<br /><br />It looks like your daughters are being treated for Hypoparathyroidism (seizures plus low PTH, treated with calcium plus vitamin D3). This is a well known medical condition and this type of epilepsy should be treatable. I would go and find a specialist who might be able to optimize their drug therapy.<br /><br />Here is a paper on the treatment of adults:-<br /><br />http://www.eje-online.org/content/173/2/G1.full.pdf<br />Peter Lloyd-Thomashttps://www.blogger.com/profile/10173383229834614994noreply@blogger.com